透過電子顕微鏡法の開発とその応用
メンバー: 箕田弘喜
分野: ナノ・マイクロ科学、物理学、生物科学
所属: 工学研究院
キーワード: Transimission electron microscopy (TEM)、 Phase contrast-TEM、 Environmental-TEM、 Nano-materials、Bio-materials、
ウェブサイト:
研究概要
生命科学の発展において、生物分子の機能発現中の構造変化のダイナミクスの研究は、非常に重要である。しかし、生物試料の機能発現過程のダイナミクスの研究をするためには、機能発現に伴う構造変化の過程を実時間観察することが望まれる。この課題を実現するために、透過電子顕微鏡は強力な計測方法であるが、2つの課題を解決する必要がある。1つは、炭素など、軽元素で構成されている生物分子は電子との相互作用の弱さから、高コントラストでの観察は困難であることであり、もう1つは、電子顕微鏡を使って、浸水状態の試料観察をすることが難しいことである。近年、この2つの課題を克服するために、位相差電子顕微鏡法と、環境制御電子顕微鏡法という2つの顕微鏡法が開発された。これら2つの方法をさらに改善し、2つの観察手法を組み合わせ、生命現象の解明に資する分析手法が実現する。我々は、これを目標に研究を進めている。
主要論文・参考事項
・Electron microscopic evidence for the myosin head lever arm mechanism in hydrated myosin filaments using the gas environmental chamber 、H. Minoda, T. Okabe, Y. Inayoshi, T. Miyakawa, Y. Miyauchi, M. Tanokura, E. Katayama , T. Wakabayashi, T. Akimoto and H. Sugi, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 405 (2011) 651-656.
・ Direct observation of biological molecules in liquid by environmental phase contrast transmission electron microscopy
Y. Inayoshi, H. Minoda,
・Contrast enhancement of biological materials using an objective lens with long focal length Hiroki Minoda, Tatsuhiro Okabe, Hirofumi Iijima, J. Electron Micros. 60 (2011) 337-343.
・Direct demonstration of the cross-bridge recovery stroke in muscle thick filaments in aqueous solution by using the hydration chamber、Haruo Sugi, Hiroki Minoda, Yuhri Inayoshi, Fumiaki Yumoto, Takuya Miyakawa, Yumiko Miyauchi, Masaru Tanokura, Tsuyoshi Akimoto, Takakazu Kobayashi, Shigeru Chaen, and Seiryo Sugiura, PNAS 105 (2008) 17396-17401.
お問い合わせ先
東京農工大学・先端産学連携研究推進センター
urac[at]ml.tuat.ac.jp([at]を@に変換してください)
Development of electron microscpy and its application
Research members: Dr. Hiroki Minoda
Research fields: Nano/Micro science, Physics, Biological Science
Departments: Institute of Engineering
Keywords: Transimission electron microscopy (TEM), Phase contrast-TEM, Environmental-TEM, Nano-materials,Bio-materials,
Web site:
Summary
Structural investigation of proteins or bio molecules is one of the important ways in the life science. Direct observation of the protein motion by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is the most direct approach for this aim. In TEM observations, biological specimens do not give high contrast images because of their weak interactions with electron beam. Thus, one important subject area is the development of observation methods that can visualize the protein motion.
There are two great difficulties that should be resolved for the direct observations. First, the biological specimens should be kept in the native state or in water during the direct observations. In conventional TEM systems, ambient gas is evacuated from the column of the microscope and the specimen cannot be kept wet. Second, since biological molecules are composed of lighter elements, interactions between biological molecules and electrons are very weak. The first difficulty can be overcome by using an environmental TEM (E-TEM) and the second one by using phase-plate TEM (P-TEM). Therefore, if these were combined, it should be possible to observe dynamic motions of biological molecules. We have been improving the E-TEM and P-TEM for the study of the bio-molecules.
Reference articles and patents
・Electron microscopic evidence for the myosin head lever arm mechanism in hydrated myosin filaments using the gas environmental chamber 、H. Minoda, T. Okabe, Y. Inayoshi, T. Miyakawa, Y. Miyauchi, M. Tanokura, E. Katayama , T. Wakabayashi, T. Akimoto and H. Sugi, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 405 (2011) 651-656.
・ Direct observation of biological molecules in liquid by environmental phase contrast transmission electron microscopy
Y. Inayoshi, H. Minoda,
・Contrast enhancement of biological materials using an objective lens with long focal length Hiroki Minoda, Tatsuhiro Okabe, Hirofumi Iijima, J. Electron Micros. 60 (2011) 337-343.
・Direct demonstration of the cross-bridge recovery stroke in muscle thick filaments in aqueous solution by using the hydration chamber、Haruo Sugi, Hiroki Minoda, Yuhri Inayoshi, Fumiaki Yumoto, Takuya Miyakawa, Yumiko Miyauchi, Masaru Tanokura, Tsuyoshi Akimoto, Takakazu Kobayashi, Shigeru Chaen, and Seiryo Sugiura, PNAS 105 (2008) 17396-17401.
Contact
University Research Administration Center(URAC),
Tokyo University of Agriculture andTechnology
urac[at]ml.tuat.ac.jp
(Please replace [at] with @.)